Summary

This is a lantern slide consisting of two hand painted glass discs showing Saturn with its ring at a large angle, and Saturn with its ring seen edge on, numbered '13' and '14' respectively. This lantern slide is part of a near-complete set of 19 slides used to illustrate a lantern lecture on astronomy, associated with the slide reading 'Popular Lecture on Astronomy'. This particular set was manufactured in England in approximately 1847, depicting astronomical knowledge about the planets as existed around that date. This set was used in Victoria in the nineteenth century. Precise details about its usage are unknown but equivalent sets were widely used in astronomical lantern lectures in Australia between the 1840s and 1880s, as can be seen from the synopses of lectures published in newspapers.

Lantern lectures were one of the most prominent and popular forms of entertainment in the nineteenth century. They were presented in a range of venues including schools, churches, Mechanics' Institutes and by itinerant lecturers, as well as occurring privately in domestic settings. Popular lectures on scientific subjects such as astronomy were a common theme for such performances and were specially associated with the philosophy of 'rational recreation' whereby people, especially the working classes, were encouraged to partake in improving pursuits in their spare time.

Description of Content

The slide consists of two astronomical diagrams. The diagram on the left glass disc, numbered 13, is Saturn seen obliquely to the ring system. It has 7 small moons surrounding the planet amongst a black painted background. The diagram on the right glass disc, numbered 14, is Saturn seen side-on to the ring system, so showing a very thin ring. It is surrounded by 7 small moons amongst a hand painted black background.

Physical Description

A Multiple Slide consisting of two glass discs mounted in a solid wood frame. The glass discs are set in recessed holes and held in place by wire retaining springs. The glass discs are seated below the surface of the frame.

Significance

A number of different sets of astronomical lantern slides were produced in the nineteenth century. Sets with static paintings or simple motions were advertised as early as the 1820s.The first such sets appear to have been manufactured by W. & S. Jones. Later firms that produced such sets include Carpenter & Westley, F. West and E.M. Clarke. These sets continued to be sold throughout the nineteenth century. The rackwork astronomical sets that appeared from the 1840s onwards include some of the most technically sophisticated kinds of slides ever produced. While many individual lantern slides survive, complete, or near-complete sets that can be positively associated with a specific lecture reading are relatively rare. As such this set provides a valuable insight into the complete performance of an astronomical lantern lecture.

More Information

  • Collection Names

    Astronomy Collection

  • Collecting Areas

    Science & Measurement, Images & Image Making

  • Acquisition Information

    Donation from Bill Franzke, 2008

  • Place & Date Manufactured

    England, 1846-1852
    Dating of the slide set is based on the appearance of the planets and their moons in images numbers 13-16. Neptune (16) is shown with a ring. This 'discovery' was announced by William Lassell in 1846 so the images cannot be any earlier than this. The ring was retracted by Lassell in 1852 so the images are unlikely to be much later than that. Additionally Saturn (13, 14) is shown with seven moons; the discovery of an eighth moon was made in 1848. Thus the content of the images reflects astronomical knowledge as it was in 1846-1848, although it is possible that the manufacturer used outdated information making the date slightly later than 1848. Titles for individual slide images have been taken from the reading 'Popular Lecture on Astronomy' although it is noted that the version of the reading in the Bibliography tab is of a later date than this set of slides, as noted in the Bibliography module record Notes field.

  • Format

    Lantern Slide, Framed - Multiple Disc, Hand Coloured

  • Inscriptions

    Handwritten in black ink above left image : '13' [designating sequential number 13 in a set of 38 images] Handwritten in black ink above right image: '14' [designating sequential number 14 in a set of 38 images]

  • Classification

    Astronomy, Popular, Demonstration equipment

  • Category

    History & Technology

  • Discipline

    History

  • Type of item

    Image

  • Dimensions

    227 mm (Width), 10 mm (Depth), 110 mm (Height)

  • References

    Butterworth, M., 'Astronomical Lantern Slides', The Magic Lantern Gazette, Vol. 19 (2) 2007, pp 3- 9. Gavine, D., 'Some early astronomical visual aids', Journal of the British Astronomical Association, Vol. 88, (1977), pp. 32 - 37
    [Other] Popular Lecture on Astronomy.

  • Keywords

    Astronomy, Magic Lanterns