Summary

Proof 1/4 Rupee, Issued by Bengal, India, 1793
Minted by Calcutta

Obverse Description

Persian couplet beginning with the frozen Hijri date 1204

Reverse Description

Persian Julus formular (Pridmore 14) (translation: Struck at the mint of Murshidabad in year 19 of his reign)

Edge Description

Milled ///

Significance

Earlier attempts to control the monetary situation in Bengal by the permanent use of the 19th san failed because of the variety of other rupees in use in different parts of the Provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. On 1 May 1793 the Governor in Council passed Regulation XXXV which stipulated that only the Company's 19 san gold mohur, sicca rupee and their respective fractions would be used in this area.
The key parts of the Regulation pertaining to coins were:
VII To guard, as far as possible, against counterfeiting, clipping, drilling, filing, defacing, or debasing the coin, the edges of both the gold and silver coin are to be milled, and the dies are to be made the same size as the coin, so that the whole of the impression may appear upon the surface of it.
VIII The nineteenth sun sicca rupees and nineteenth sun gold mohurs, and the halves and quarters of each, which may be coined at the mints established at Dacca, Patna, and Moorshedabad, and at the Calcutta mint, are to be precisely of the same shape, weight, and standard, and bear the same impression both on the surface and the edges; and with a view to the effectual attainment of the last-mentioned object, the dies for striking and milling the gold and silver coin are to be cut in the Calcutta mint, and distributed by the mint-Master to the three subordinate mints, and when these dies are broken or no longer serviceable, they are to be returned to the Calcutta mint.

X The Mint-Master is to cause a private mark to be put upon tall dies which may be prepared for the several mints, but in such a manner as not to be distinguishable by the naked eye. These marks are to be varied as often as the Mint-Master may judge proper upon new dies being made; and he is to keep a register of them, that in the event of any debased or defective coin being found in circulation, he may be able to ascertain from what mint it may have been issued.

This is a proof of the 1793 issue brought about by this regulation. It has a tiny dot at the centre of the four beads near the rim at 4 o'clock, fulfilling paragraph X, the Calcutta mint private mark.

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