General Description

Spitfires, also known as sawflies, are robust insects that are closely related to ants, bees and wasps (hymenopterans). Adults of most species are typically yellow, tan, brown, orange or reddish in colour, and have two pairs of membranous wings, a robust body, and short, clubbed antennae. They are readily distinguished from other hymenopterans by the lack of a narrow waist. The larvae are caterpillar-like, and are mostly yellow or black in colour, though are sometimes tinted pink or red. Adults to 2.2 cm; larvae to 8 cm in length.

Biology

The name Sawfly is derived from the saw-like ovipositor, which the adult female uses to cut into leaves where she lays her eggs. The name Spitfire refers to the larvae, which resemble caterpillars and aggregate on the leaf surface. When disturbed, the larvae raise their heads and spit foul-smelling yellow-green liquid. Adults are found in late summer, while larvae are active through winter and spring. There are 19 named Perga species in Australia.

Distribution

Across southern Australia.

Habitat

On foliage of trees and shrubs, especially Eucalyptus.

More Information