Museums Victoria's Military History Collection includes more than 190 military uniforms, as well as photographs and albums depicting uniforms being worn.

The collection includes several uniforms and uniform parts from the Victorian Colonial Forces, and Australian uniforms and uniform parts from World War I (39) and World War II (59). The uniforms were worn by personnel serving in the army, navy, RAAF, Australian Army Medical Corps and Australian Army Nursing Service, as well as the Women's National Services.

Signifcant uniforms include capes worn during the World War I service of Sister Selina Lily (Lil) Mackenzie, 1st Australian General Hospital (AGH); a uniform worn by Captain Isabel Erskine Plante, Australian Army Nursing Service, World War II; and a naval shirt worn by Leading Stoker H. L. Simons of H.M.A.S. Perth while in Japanese Prisoner of War (POW) camp, during World War II.

Other notable uniform collections includes that of General Sir Edmund Herring. Herring was one of the most renowned Australian senior officers in World War II. In September 1942 he became commander of New Guinea Force. He also served in World War I in the British Army, earning the Distinguished Service Order and the Military Cross. Herring later served for 20 years as Victoria's Chief Justice, and was Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria for a record 27 years.

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